Agripedia

Agriculture, as the backbone of the Indian economy, plays the most crucial role in the socio-economic sphere of the country. Indian agriculture is a diverse and extensive sector involving a large number of stakeholders. It has been one of the remarkable success stories of the post.

Agriculture has remained as a centerpiece of Indian economy. Though it is a main source of livelihood for a majority of Indian population, it still stands as a technologically backward sector. Despite its importance to the economy, little has been done to revive the sector. From production challenges to financing inefficiencies, Indian agriculture is plagued by several issues. 

Inadequate farm equipment, lack of access to fairly priced credit, distribution challenges due to intermediaries between farm to fork are some of the challenges facing the Indian farmer. Farmers are the sole risk bearers of all these challenges that arise in the farming cycle. Be it lack of quality tools, erratic monsoons or pest outbreaks, farmers have to face it all without any risk mitigation among other stakeholders. 



Agriculture Outlook In India 2021


Agriculture Advantage to India


Growth In Agriculture


Major Seasons : Kharif and Rabi


Horticulture Production Trends in India


List of Major Crops Producing States in India

Those who are wondering about the names of the major crop-producing states can go through the below-given list. It is better to know our country at a glimpse. Grab the state wise crop production in India 2021 PDF in the official website of agricoop

 

Cereals


Crops

States

Wheat

Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana

Gram

Madhya Pradesh and Tamil Nadu

Barley

Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan

Bajra

Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan

Rice

West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Tamil Nadu

Cash Crops


Crops

States

Poppy

Uttar Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh

Sugarcane

Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra

 

Oil Seeds

 

Crops

States

Coconut

Kerala and Tamil Nadu

Groundnut

Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu

Sesame

Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan

Rape & Mustard

Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh

Linseed

Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh

Sunflower

Maharashtra and Karnataka

 

Fibre Crops

 

Crops

States

Silk

Karnataka and Kerala

Hemp

Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh

Cotton

Maharashtra and Gujarat

Jute

West Bengal and Bihar

 

Plantations

Crops

States

Rubber

Kerala and Karnataka

Coffee

Karnataka and Kerala

Tobacco

Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh

Tea

Assam and Kerala

 

Spices

 

Crops

States

Turmeric

 Andhra Pradesh & Odisha

Ginger

Kerala and Uttar Pradesh

Cashew Nuts

Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh

Pepper

Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu

 

Maize

 

Here is the complete list of the maize crop production and the total productivity in the previous years.

States

Total Production

Karnataka

3,550.00

Rajasthan

1,640.00

Telangana

2,570.00

Bihar

2,420.00

Andhra Pradesh

2,300.00

Uttar Pradesh

1,480.00

Others

3,910.00

Maharashtra

3,540.00

Tamil Nadu

2,640.00

 

Largest Producers in India 2021

Each state is responsible for contributing to the overall GDP rate and the economic development o four countries. Here is the list of the largest producers of each crop and the state which is responsible for its massive production

Major Crops in India

Producing states in India

The largest producer of sugarcane in India

Uttar Pradesh

The largest producer of potato in India

Uttar Pradesh

The largest producer of tea in India

Assam

The largest producer of paddy in India

West Bengal

The largest producer of wheat in India

Uttar Pradesh

The largest producer of saffron in India

Jammu & Kashmir

The largest producer of jute in India

West Bengal

The largest producer of tobacco in India

Andhra Pradesh

The largest producer of bananas in India

Tamil Nadu

The largest producer of onion in India

Maharashtra

The largest producer of cashew nuts in India

Maharashtra

The largest producer of cassava in India

Tamil Nadu

The largest producer of black pepper in India

Kerala

The largest producer of cotton in India

Gujarat

The largest producer of litchis in India

Bihar

The largest producer of garlic in India

Madhya Pradesh

The largest producer of coffee in India

Karnataka

The largest producer of large cardamom in India

Sikkim

The largest producer of bamboos in India

Assam

The largest producer of small cardamom in India

Kerala

The largest producer of chilli in India

Andhra Pradesh

The largest producer of groundnut in India

Gujarat

 

Important Crops in India and the Soil Used for the Cultivation

Here is the complete list of the crops in each state in India along with the soil used for the production of the same. Go through the given below table to get a better understanding of the agriculture sector in India.

States

Crops

Soil Used

Punjab

Wheat, Rice, Maize, Barley, Pulses, Rapeseed and Mustard, Sunflower, Oil Seeds, Sugarcane, Cotton, Fruits, Vegetables

Flood plain soil, Loamy soil, Sandy soil, Desert soil, Kandi Soil, Sierozems, Sodic and Saline soil

Haryana

Sugarcane, Barley, Jowar, Bajra, Gram, Rice, Wheat, Mustard, Cotton

Salt Affected soil, Alkali Soil, Saline soil

Rajasthan

Wheat, Sugarcane, Bajra, Baley, Jowar, Maize, Chili, Cotton, Mango, Rice, Vegetables, Groundnut, Oilseeds, Pulses

Sandy soil, Saline soil, Alkaline soil, Chalky soil, Clay soil, Loamy soil, Black Lava soil, Nitrogenous soil

Uttar Pradesh

Fruits, Vegetables, Spices, Floriculture, Medicinal/aromatic plants, others like Betel vine, Mushroom, Honey production

Alluvium soil, Sandy soil, Clayey Soil, Red & Black soil

Bihar

Rice, Wheat, Maize, Pulses, Vegetables, Fruits, Sugarcane, Jute

Sandy Loam soil, Loam soil, Clay soil, Clay Loam soil

Gujarat

Rice, Wheat, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, tur, Gram, Cotton, Groundnuts, Dates, Sugarcane

The black soil, Alluvial soil, Hill soil, Desert soil

Madhya Pradesh

Wheat, Maize, Jowar, Gram, Tur, Urad, Moong, Soybean, Groundnuts, Mustard, Cotton, Sugarcane

The black soil, Red & Yellow soil, Alluvial soil, Laterite soil, Mixed soil

Maharashtra

Rice, Jowar, Bajra, Wheat, Pulses, Cotton, Sugarcane, Several Oil Seeds, Sunflower, Groundnuts & Soybean

Black-Cotton soil, Kali soil, Morad soil, Pather soil,

Chhattisgarh

Rice, Maize, Wheat, Niger, Groundnut, Pulses

Red & Yellow soil, Red Sandy soil, Red Loam soil, Black Cotton soil, Laterite soil,

Jharkhand

Rice, Ragi, Maize, Wheat, Program, Niger, Fruits

Red soil, Micacious soil, Sandy soil, Black soil, Laterite soil

Himachal Pradesh

Off-season vegetables, vegetable seeds, potato & ginger besides soybean, oilseeds, pulses, fruits

Sedimentary soil, Brown soil, Brownish soil

Jammu & Kashmir

Paddy, Wheat, Maize, Barley, Bajra, Jowar, Gram, Apple, Walnuts

Brown Forest soil, Grey Brown Podzolic soil, Red & Yellow Podzolic soil, Hills Forest soil, Mountain Meadow soil, Saline Alkali soil, Alluvial soil

West Bengal

Rice, Jute, Tea, Potatoes, Oilseeds, Betel, Vine, Tobacco, Wheat, Barley, Maize

Laterite soil, Red soil, Alluvial soil, Coastal soil, Terai soil, Colluvial soil

Karnataka

Paddy, Jowar, Ragi, Maize, Sunflower, sugarcane, Cotton, Tobacco

Red soil, Lateritic soil, Black soil, Alluvial-Colluvial soil, Forest soil, Coastal soil

 

Rank Wise Crop-Producing States

Are you curious to know the ranks under which each state is appearing in the case of crop production? Here we help you locate valid information.

Food Grains

 

Crop

Rank of States

Rice

(1) West Bengal

(2) U.P.

(3) Andhra Pradesh

Wheat

(1) U.P.

(2) Punjab

(3) Haryana

Bajra

(1) Rajasthan

(2) Gujarat

(3) Maharashtra

Jowar

(1) Maharashtra

(2)Karnataka

(3)Madhya Pradesh

(M.P.)

Maize

(1) Andhra Pradesh

(2) Karnataka

(3) Rajasthan

Pulses

(1) M.P.

(2) U.P.

(3) Andhra Pradesh

Overall total food grains

(1) U.P.

(2)Punjab

(3) Madhya Pradesh

 

Cash Crops

 

Crop

Rank of States

Sugarcane

(1) U.P.

(2) Maharashtra

(3) Karnataka

Cotton

(1) Gujarat

(2) Maharashtra

(3) Andhra Pradesh

Coffee

(1) Karnataka

(2) Kerala

(3)Tamandu

Tea

(1) Assam

(2) West Bengal

(3) Himachal Pradesh

Silk

(1) Karnataka

(2) Andhra Pradesh

(3) West Bengal

Rubber

(1) Kerala

(2) Tamilnadu

(3) Karnataka

Tobacco

(1) Andhra Pradesh

(2) Karnataka

(3)Gujarat

 

Oil Seed

 

Crop

Rank of State

Groundnut

(1) Gujarat

(2) Andhra Pradesh

(3) Tamilnadu

Soya bean

(1) Madhya Pradesh

(2) Maharashtra

(3) Rajasthan

Mustard

(1) Rajasthan

(2) U.P.

(3) Haryana

Sunflower

(1) Karnataka

(2) Andhra Pradesh

(3) Maharashtra

Overall total oil seeds

(1) Madhya Pradesh

(2) Maharashtra

(3) Rajasthan

 

Fruit Crops

 

Crops

States

Banana

Tamil Nadu

Guava

Madhya Pradesh

Grapes

Maharashtra

Apple

Jammu & Kashmir

Areca Nut

Karnataka

Orange

Punjab

Litchi

Bihar

Mango

Uttar Pradesh

Mosambi

Maharashtra

Papaya

Andhra Pradesh

Pineapple

Karnataka

Pomegranate

Maharashtra

Sapota or Chikoo

Andhra Pradesh

 

Largest Agricultural Products in India by Value

 

Commodity

Value (US$, 2016)

Unit price

(US$ / kilogram, 2009)

Average yield

(tonnes per hectare, 2017)

Most productive country

(tonnes per hectare, 2017)

Rice

$70.18 billion

0.27

3.85

9.82

Australia

Buffalo milk

$43.09 billion

0.4

2.00

2.00

India

Cow milk

$32.55 billion

0.31

1.2

10.3

Israel

Wheat

$26.06 billion

0.15

2.8

8.9

Netherlands

Cotton (Lint + Seeds)

$23.30 billion

1.43

1.6

4.6

Israel

Mangoes, guavas

$14.52 billion

0.6

6.3

40.6

Cape Verde

Fresh Vegetables

$11.87 billion

0.19

13.4

76.8

United States

Chicken meat

$9.32 billion

0.64

10.6

20.2

Cyprus

Potatoes

$8.23 billion

0.15

19.9

44.3

United States

Banana

$8.13 billion

0.28

37.8

59.3

Indonesia

Sugar cane

$7.44 billion

0.03

66

125

Peru

Maize

$5.81 billion

0.42

1.1

5.5

Nicaragua

Oranges

$5.62 billion

Tomatoes

$5.50 billion

0.37

19.3

55.9

China

Chickpeas

$5.40 billion

0.4

0.9

2.8

China

Okra

$5.25 billion

0.35

7.6

23.9

Israel

Soybeans

$5.13 billion

0.26

1.1

3.7

Turkey

Hen eggs

$4.64 billion

2.7

0.1

0.42

Japan

Cauliflower and Broccoli

$4.33 billion

2.69

0.138

0.424

Thailand

Onions

$4.05 billion

0.21

16.6

67.3

Ireland

 

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT), the value of each item recorded can  be located in the below-given table

 

Item

Value

(in tonnes)

Apples

2316000

Bananas

30460000

Beans, green

725998

Cashew nuts, with shell

743000

Castor oil seed

1196680

Cauliflowers and broccoli

9083000

Cherries

11107

Chickpeas

9937990

Chillies and peppers, dry

1743000

Chillies and peppers, green

81837

Coconuts

14682000

Coffee, green

319500

Cucumbers and gherkins

199018

Garlic

2910000

Ginger

1788000

Grapes

3041000

Lemons and limes

3482000

Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas

25631000

Melons, other 

1266000

Mushrooms and truffles

182000

Oilseeds 

42000

Onions, dry

22819000

Oranges

9509000

Papayas

6050000

Pears

300000

Pineapples

1711000

Potatoes

50190000

Rice, paddy

177645000

Soybeans

13267520

Sugar cane

405416180

Sweet potatoes

1156000

Tea

1390080

Tobacco, unmanufactured

804454

Tomatoes

19007000

Watermelons

2495000

Wheat

103596230

 

World’s Largest Producer

India is the world’s largest producer of many agricultural products. Given below is the complete list of the production of various crops in India.

  • Ginger
  • Chickpeas
  • Areca nuts
  • Pigeon peas
  • Castor oil seeds
  • Sunflower seeds
  • Sorghum
  • Millet
  • Spices
  • Okra
  • Jute
  • Papayas
  • Chillies and peppers, dry
  • Anise, badian, fennel, coriander
  • Goat milk, whole, fresh
  • Fresh Fruit
  • Lemons and limes
  • Buffalo milk, whole
  • Beeswax
  • Bananas
  • Mangoes, mango steens, guavas
  • Pulses
  • Indigenous buffalo meat
  • Fruit, tropical

 

Top 10 agricultural states in India

  • West Bengal
  • Uttar Pradesh
  • Punjab
  • Gujarat
  • Haryana
  • Madhya Pradesh
  • Assam
  • Andhra Pradesh
  • Karnataka
  • Chhattisgarh

 

Agricultural facts

  • India is the second agricultural production country globally
  • Occupies right rank in the world’s export
  • Largest milk producer country globally
  • Ranked as the second-largest fruit producer country
  • Agriculture is the main source of income for 60% of the population
  • Farmers in India are mostly engaged in Horticulture and livestock


INDIAN AGRICULTURE INSTITUTIONS

1. Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack

2. Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora

3 Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur

4. Central Tobacco Research Institute, Rajahmundry

5. Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow

6. Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore

7. Central Institute of Cotton Research, Nagpur

8. Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore

9. Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi

10. Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore

11. Central Institute of Sub Tropical Horticulture, Lucknow

12. Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar

13. Central Institute of Arid Horticulture, Bikaner

14. Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi

15. Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla

16. Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Trivandrum

17. Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasargod

18. Central Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair

19. Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut

20. Central Soil and Water Conservation Research & Training Institute, Dehradun

21. Indian Institute of Soil Sciences, Bhopal

22. Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal

23. ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region including Centre of Makhana, Patna

24. Central Research Institute of Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad

25. Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur

26. ICAR Research Complex Goa

27. ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Barapani

28. National Institue of Abiotic Stress Management, Malegaon, Maharashtra

29. Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal

30. Central Institute on Postharvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana

31. Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Ranchi

32. Central Institute of Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai

33. National Institute of Research on Jute & Allied Fibre Technology, Kolkata

34. Indian Agricultural Statistical Research Institute, New Delhi

35. Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan

36. Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom

37. Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hissar

38. National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore

39. Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar

40. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi

41. Central Institute Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai

42. Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore

43. Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin

44. Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubneshwar

45. National Academy of Agricultural Research & Management, Hyderabad


Important International Institutions on Agricultural Research

AVRDC – Asian Vegetable Research and Development Centre, Taiwan 

CIAT – Centro International de Agricultura Tropical, Cali, Colombia 

CIP – Centro International da la Papa (International potato research institute (Lima, Peru, South America) 

CIMMYT – Centro International de Mejoramiento de Maizy Trigo. (International Centre for maize and Wheat development (Londres, Mexico) 

IITA –International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan in Nigeria, Africa) 

ICARDA – International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (Aleppo, Syria) 

ICRISAT – International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (Pattancheru in Hyderabad, India) 

IIMI– International Irrigation Management Institute, Colombo, SRILANKA 

IRRI – International Rice Research Institute (Los Banos, Philippines) 

ISNAR–International Service In National Agricultural Research The Hague, Netherlands 

WARDA–West African Rice Development Association Ivory Coast, Africa. 

IBPGR – International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome, Italy 

CGIAR – Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research, Washington 

FAO – Food and Agricultural Organization, Rome 

WMO– World Meteorological Organization, Vienna.


National Research Centers In India

1. National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi

2. National Centre for Integrated Pest Management, New Delhi

3. National Research Centre for Litchi, Muzaffarpur 

4. National Research Centre for Citrus, Nagpur

5. National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune

6. National Research Centre for Banana, Trichi

7. National Research Centre Seed Spices, Ajmer

8. National Research Centre for Pomegranate, Solapur

9. National Research Centre on Orchids, Pakyong, Sikkim

10. National Research Centre Agroforestry, Jhansi

11. National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner

12. National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar

13. National Research Centre on Meat, Hyderabad

14. National Research Centre on Pig, Guwahati

15. National Research Centre on Yak, West Kemang

16. National Research Centre on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland

17. National Centre for Agril. Economics & Policy Research, New Delhi


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